Timothy Syndrome
Gene: CACNA1C
Protein: voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C
Clinical Characteristics
- Prolonged QT interval
- Other EKG abnormalities:
- 2:1 atrioventricular block
- Macroscopic T-wave alternans
- Syndactyly:
- Bilateral cutaneous syndactyly of toes two and three
- Unilateral or bilateral cutaneous syndactyly variably involving fingers 2, 3, 4 and 5
- Congenital heart defects
- Dysmorphic facial features
- Thin scalp hair
- Poor tooth enamel
- Neurologic features:
- Hypotonia
- Developmental delay
- Autism
- Seizures
Inheritance pattern:
- Autosomal dominant
- Typically de novo; germline mosaicism has been reported
What Can Be Learned From This Test
Testing is performed by sequencing exons 8 and 8A (alternatively transcribed coding exons) and the surrounding intronic regions of the CACNA1C gene. This will detect point mutations, small deletions and small insertions. It will not detect a partial or whole gene deletion or duplication.
A negative test result does not rule out a genetic cause of long QT syndrome (LQTS). Other genes are known to be associated with LQTS and this test will only detect mutations associated with Timothy syndrome. This test will not detect mutations in other regions of the gene, such as those associated with Brugada syndrome.
Sample Requirements
Draw 2ml–4ml of blood in EDTA/purple-top tube (minimum of 1ml–2ml for infants).
Turnaround time: 10-14 business days
CPT Codes and Cost
Partial Gene Sequencing
- Code: 81479
- Cost: $250
Known Variant Testing
- Code: 81281
- Cost: $225